How do I get the Olson timezone name (such as Australia/Sydney ) corresponding to the value given by C's localtime call?
This is the value overridden via TZ , by symlinking /etc/localtime , or setting a TIMEZONE variable in time-related system configuration files.
Source: Tips4all
I think best bet is to go thru all pytz timezones and check which one matches local timezone, each pytz timezone object contains info about utcoffset and tzname like CDT, EST, same info about local time can be obtained from time.timezone/altzone and time.tzname, and I think that is enough to correctly match local timezone in pytz database e.g.
ReplyDeleteimport time
import pytz
import datetime
local_names = []
if time.daylight:
local_offset = time.altzone
localtz = time.tzname[1]
else:
local_offset = time.timezone
localtz = time.tzname[0]
local_offset = datetime.timedelta(seconds=-local_offset)
for name in pytz.all_timezones:
timezone = pytz.timezone(name)
if not hasattr(timezone, '_tzinfos'):
continue#skip, if some timezone doesn't have info
# go thru tzinfo and see if short name like EDT and offset matches
for (utcoffset, daylight, tzname), _ in timezone._tzinfos.iteritems():
if utcoffset == local_offset and tzname == localtz:
local_names.append(name)
print local_names
output:
['America/Atikokan', 'America/Bahia_Banderas',
'America/Bahia_Banderas', 'America/Belize', 'America/Cambridge_Bay',
'America/Cancun', 'America/Chicago', 'America/Chihuahua',
'America/Coral_Harbour', 'America/Costa_Rica', 'America/El_Salvador',
'America/Fort_Wayne', 'America/Guatemala',
'America/Indiana/Indianapolis', 'America/Indiana/Knox',
'America/Indiana/Marengo', 'America/Indiana/Marengo',
'America/Indiana/Petersburg', 'America/Indiana/Tell_City',
'America/Indiana/Vevay', 'America/Indiana/Vincennes',
'America/Indiana/Winamac', 'America/Indianapolis', 'America/Iqaluit',
'America/Kentucky/Louisville', 'America/Kentucky/Louisville',
'America/Kentucky/Monticello', 'America/Knox_IN',
'America/Louisville', 'America/Louisville', 'America/Managua',
'America/Matamoros', 'America/Menominee', 'America/Merida',
'America/Mexico_City', 'America/Monterrey',
'America/North_Dakota/Beulah', 'America/North_Dakota/Center',
'America/North_Dakota/New_Salem', 'America/Ojinaga',
'America/Pangnirtung', 'America/Rainy_River', 'America/Rankin_Inlet',
'America/Resolute', 'America/Resolute', 'America/Tegucigalpa',
'America/Winnipeg', 'CST6CDT', 'Canada/Central', 'Mexico/General',
'US/Central', 'US/East-Indiana', 'US/Indiana-Starke']
In production you can create such a mapping beforehand and save it instead of iterating always.
Testing script after changing timezone:
$ export TZ='Australia/Sydney'
$ python get_tz_names.py
['Antarctica/Macquarie', 'Australia/ACT', 'Australia/Brisbane',
'Australia/Canberra', 'Australia/Currie', 'Australia/Hobart',
'Australia/Lindeman', 'Australia/Melbourne', 'Australia/NSW',
'Australia/Queensland', 'Australia/Sydney', 'Australia/Tasmania',
'Australia/Victoria']
One problem is that there are multiple "pretty names" , like "Australia/Sydney" , which point to the same time zone (e.g. CST).
ReplyDeleteSo you will need to get all the possible names for the local time zone, and then select the name you like.
e.g.: for Australia, there are 5 time zones, but way more time zone identifiers:
"Australia/Lord_Howe", "Australia/Hobart", "Australia/Currie",
"Australia/Melbourne", "Australia/Sydney", "Australia/Broken_Hill",
"Australia/Brisbane", "Australia/Lindeman", "Australia/Adelaide",
"Australia/Darwin", "Australia/Perth", "Australia/Eucla"
you should check if there is a library which wraps TZinfo , to handle the time zone API.
e.g.: for Python, check the pytz library:
http://pytz.sourceforge.net/
and
http://pypi.python.org/pypi/pytz/
in Python you can do:
from pytz import timezone
import pytz
In [56]: pytz.country_timezones('AU')
Out[56]:
[u'Australia/Lord_Howe',
u'Australia/Hobart',
u'Australia/Currie',
u'Australia/Melbourne',
u'Australia/Sydney',
u'Australia/Broken_Hill',
u'Australia/Brisbane',
u'Australia/Lindeman',
u'Australia/Adelaide',
u'Australia/Darwin',
u'Australia/Perth',
u'Australia/Eucla']
but the API for Python seems to be pretty limited, e.g. it doesn't seem to have a call like Ruby's all_linked_zone_names -- which can find all the synonym names for a given time zone.
This is kind of cheating, I know, but getting from '/etc/localtime' doesn't work for you?
ReplyDeleteLike following:
>>> import os
>>> '/'.join(os.readlink('/etc/localtime').split('/')[-2:])
'Australia/Sydney'
Hope it helps.
Edit: I liked @A.H.'s idea, in case '/etc/localtime' isn't a symlink. Translating that into Python:
#!/usr/bin/env python
from hashlib import sha224
import os
def get_current_olsonname():
tzfile = open('/etc/localtime')
tzfile_digest = sha224(tzfile.read()).hexdigest()
tzfile.close()
for root, dirs, filenames in os.walk("/usr/share/zoneinfo/"):
for filename in filenames:
fullname = os.path.join(root, filename)
f = open(fullname)
digest = sha224(f.read()).hexdigest()
if digest == tzfile_digest:
return '/'.join((fullname.split('/'))[-2:])
f.close()
return None
if __name__ == '__main__':
print get_current_olsonname()
If evaluating /etc/localtime is OK for you, the following trick might work - after translating it to python:
ReplyDelete> md5sum /etc/localtime
abcdefabcdefabcdefabcdefabcdefab /etc/localtime
> find /usr/share/zoneinfo -type f |xargs md5sum | grep abcdefabcdefabcdefabcdefabcdefab
abcdefabcdefabcdefabcdefabcdefab /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/London
abcdefabcdefabcdefabcdefabcdefab /usr/share/zoneinfo/posix/Europe/London
...
The duplicates could be filtered using only the official region names "Europe", "America" ... If there are still duplicates, you could take the shortest name :-)
Install pytz
ReplyDeleteimport pytz
import time
#import locale
import urllib2
yourOlsonTZ = None
#yourCountryCode = locale.getdefaultlocale()[0].split('_')[1]
yourCountryCode = urllib2.urlopen('http://api.hostip.info/country.php').read()
for olsonTZ in [pytz.timezone(olsonTZ) for olsonTZ in pytz.all_timezones]:
if (olsonTZ._tzname in time.tzname) and (str(olsonTZ) in pytz.country_timezones[yourCountryCode]):
yourOlsonTZ = olsonTZ
break
print yourOlsonTZ
This code will take a best-guess crack at your Olson Timezone based both on your Timezone Name (as according to Python's time module), and your Country Code (as according to Python's locale module the hostip.info project, which references your IP address and geolocates you accordingly).
For example, simply matching the Timzone Names could result in America/Moncton, America/Montreal, or America/New_York for EST (GMT-5). If your country is the US, however, it will limit the answer to America/New_York.
However, if your country is Canada, the script will simply default to the topmost Canadian result (America/Moncton). If there is a way to further refine this, please feel free to leave suggestions in comments.
This will get you the time zone name, according to what's in the TZ variable, or localtime file if unset:
ReplyDelete#! /usr/bin/env python
import time
time.tzset
print time.tzname
I prefer following a slightly better than poking around _xxx values
ReplyDeleteimport time, pytz, os
cur_name=time.tzname
cur_TZ=os.environ.get("TZ")
def is_current(name):
os.environ["TZ"]=name
time.tzset()
return time.tzname==cur_name
print "Possible choices:", filter(is_current, pytz.all_timezones)
# optional tz restore
if cur_TZ is None: del os.environ["TZ"]
else: os.environ["TZ"]=cur_TZ
time.tzset()
Here's another posibility, using PyICU instead; which is working for my purposes:
ReplyDelete>>> from PyICU import ICUtzinfo
>>> from datetime import datetime
>>> datetime(2012, 1, 1, 12, 30, 18).replace(tzinfo=ICUtzinfo.getDefault()).isoformat()
'2012-01-01T12:30:18-05:00'
>>> datetime(2012, 6, 1, 12, 30, 18).replace(tzinfo=ICUtzinfo.getDefault()).isoformat()
'2012-06-01T12:30:18-04:00'
Here it is interpreting niave datetimes (as would be returned by a database query) in the local timezone.